forces

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• How Hydraulics Work: Pascal's Principle Explained
  Pascal's principle says pressure applied to a confined liquid passes equally in all directions, so a small piston can produce a much larger force on a bigger one.
• Why Curveballs Curve: The Magnus Effect Explained
  The Magnus effect is the sideways or vertical force a spinning ball feels in air, and it is why a curveball bends and a backspun fastball falls less than expected.
• How Do Airplanes Fly? The Physics of Lift Explained
  Wings generate lift by deflecting air downward and creating lower pressure above the wing. Here is how angle of attack, speed, and wing shape make flight work.
• Newton's Laws of Motion
  The three laws of classical mechanics — inertia, F = ma, and action–reaction — that form the basis of classical physics.