genetics

7 articles · All tags

• What Are Stem Cells and How Do They Become Specialized?
  Stem cells are unspecialized cells that self-renew by dividing and become specialized types, such as blood, muscle or nerve cells, when signals switch their genes.
• What Is Epigenetics? How Genes Switch On and Off
  Epigenetics explains how chemical marks on DNA and its packaging proteins switch genes on or off without changing the DNA sequence, which is why cells differ.
• Mitosis vs Meiosis: Differences, Stages, and Purpose
  Mitosis makes two identical cells for growth and repair; meiosis makes four genetically different sex cells. Compare their stages, results, and why both matter.
• Gene Expression
  The process by which information in a gene produces a functional product: transcription of DNA to RNA and translation of RNA to protein.
• DNA Replication
  The semiconservative process by which cells duplicate their DNA before division, driven by helicase, polymerases, and Okazaki fragments.
• Mendelian Inheritance
  The patterns of trait transmission discovered by Gregor Mendel: segregation and independent assortment of alleles.
• CRISPR-Cas9
  A programmable genome-editing tool derived from a bacterial immune system that makes targeted DNA changes possible.